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Nutrients Jun 2023Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites derived from the shikimate/phenylpropanoid pathway, protecting plants from physical, chemical and biological stress [...].
Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites derived from the shikimate/phenylpropanoid pathway, protecting plants from physical, chemical and biological stress [...].
Topics: Polyphenols; Plants; Biochemical Phenomena; Biological Availability
PubMed: 37375554
DOI: 10.3390/nu15122650 -
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis Jan 2017Capsaicinoids are active constituents responsible for the pungent and spicy flavor in chili peppers. During the past few decades, various extraction methods of... (Review)
Review
Capsaicinoids are active constituents responsible for the pungent and spicy flavor in chili peppers. During the past few decades, various extraction methods of capsaicinoids from peppers have been developed with high yields. Through biological studies, pharmacological benefits have been reported such as pain relief, antiinflammation, anticancer, cardio-protection, as well as weight loss. In this paper, the extraction methods and bioavailability of capsaicinoids are reviewed and discussed. In addition, the pharmacological effects and their underlying mechanisms are also studied.
Topics: Biological Availability; Humans; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Vegetables
PubMed: 28911540
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.023 -
Drug Delivery Dec 2023Human struggle against the deadly disease conditions is continued since ages. The contribution of science and technology in fighting against these diseases cannot be... (Review)
Review
Human struggle against the deadly disease conditions is continued since ages. The contribution of science and technology in fighting against these diseases cannot be ignored exclusively due to the invention of novel procedure and products, extending their size ranges from micro to nano. Recently nanotechnology has been gaining more consideration for its ability to diagnose and treat different cancers. Different nanoparticles have been used to evade the issues related with conservative anticancer delivery systems, including their nonspecificity, adverse effects and burst release. These nanocarriers including, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), liposomes, nano lipid carriers (NLCs), nano micelles, nanocomposites, polymeric and magnetic nanocarriers, have brought revolutions in antitumor drug delivery. Nanocarriers improved the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs with better accumulation at the specific site with sustained release, improved bioavailability and apoptosis of the cancer cells while bypassing the normal cells. In this review, the cancer targeting techniques and surface modification on nanoparticles are discussed briefly with possible challenges and opportunities. It can be concluded that understanding the role of nanomedicine in tumor treatment is significant, and therefore, the modern progressions in this arena is essential to be considered for a prosperous today and an affluent future of tumor patients.
Topics: Humans; Drug Delivery Systems; Neoplasms; Micelles; Apoptosis; Biological Availability
PubMed: 36866455
DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2183815 -
European Journal of Pharmacology Dec 2022Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most challenging malignancies in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Conventional diagnostic methods are primarily based on... (Review)
Review
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most challenging malignancies in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Conventional diagnostic methods are primarily based on colonoscopy and often lack accuracy, while standard treatment options typically include chemotherapy, which can be unsuccessful due to side effects and (development of) drug resistance. Although new diagnostic methods and timely screening have decreased the death rate from cancer in developed countries in recent years, there still is an urgent need for (novel) therapeutic strategies that render better disease management and clinical outcomes. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising candidates for the improvement of diagnosis and treatment by promoting drug targeting, solubility and bioavailability. For example, NPs can reduce toxicity of drugs by increasing solubility and can be engineered to specifically target malignancies, thereby minimizing unwanted side effects. In this review, we evaluated the potential of implementing various NPs for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Topics: Humans; Nanoparticles; Drug Delivery Systems; Biological Availability; Colorectal Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 36306928
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175350 -
Marine Drugs Sep 2022Alginates have been widely explored due to their salient advantages of hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, mucoadhesive features, bioavailability, environmentally-benign... (Review)
Review
Alginates have been widely explored due to their salient advantages of hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, mucoadhesive features, bioavailability, environmentally-benign properties, and cost-effectiveness. They are applied for designing micro- and nanosystems for controlled and targeted drug delivery and cancer therapy as alginate biopolymers find usage in encapsulating anticancer drugs to improve their bioavailability, sustained release, pharmacokinetics, and bio-clearance. Notably, these nanomaterials can be applied for photothermal, photodynamic, and chemodynamic therapy of cancers/tumors. Future explorations ought to be conducted to find novel alginate-based (nano)systems for targeted cancer therapy using advanced drug delivery techniques with benefits of non-invasiveness, patient compliance, and convenience of drug administration. Thus, some critical parameters such as mucosal permeability, stability in the gastrointestinal tract environment, and drug solubility ought to be considered. In addition, the comprehensive clinical translational studies along with the optimization of synthesis techniques still need to be addressed. Herein, we present an overview of the current state of knowledge and recent developments pertaining to the applications of alginate-based micro- and nanosystems for targeted cancer therapy based on controlled drug delivery, photothermal therapy, and chemodynamic/photodynamic therapy approaches, focusing on important challenges and future directions.
Topics: Humans; Alginates; Delayed-Action Preparations; Biological Availability; Solubility; Neoplasms; Drug Delivery Systems
PubMed: 36286422
DOI: 10.3390/md20100598 -
Drug Discovery Today Apr 2021Owing to their structural diversity, peptides are a unique source of innovative active ingredients. However, their development has been challenging because of their... (Review)
Review
Owing to their structural diversity, peptides are a unique source of innovative active ingredients. However, their development has been challenging because of their disadvantageous pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Over the past decade, many attempts have been made to improve the oral bioavailability of peptide drugs. In this review, we highlight the most recent and promising techniques aimed at the improvement of the oral bioavailability of peptides. The most recent findings will influence future approaches of pharmaceutical companies in the development of new, more efficient, and safer orally delivered peptides.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Biological Availability; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Discovery; Humans; Peptides
PubMed: 33497830
DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.020 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2016Diverse flavonoids are abundant in dietary food constituents and possess useful biological activities. However, some flavonoids have limited bioavailability due to their... (Review)
Review
Diverse flavonoids are abundant in dietary food constituents and possess useful biological activities. However, some flavonoids have limited bioavailability due to their low solubility in water. As an important approach to enhance aqueous solubility, inclusion of hydrophobic guest molecules in hydrophilic hosts such as cyclic glucans has been used. This review summarizes applications of β-cyclodextrin, synthetic β-cyclodextrin derivatives, and newly synthesized derivatives of cyclosophoraoses as complexing agents to enhance the bioavailability of flavonoids such as baicalein, kaempferol, and naphthoflavones.
Topics: Biological Availability; Flavonoids; Glucans; Molecular Structure; Solubility
PubMed: 27854350
DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111556 -
GeroScience Feb 2020Aging population presents a major challenge for many countries in the world and has made the development of efficient means for healthspan extension a priority task for... (Review)
Review
Aging population presents a major challenge for many countries in the world and has made the development of efficient means for healthspan extension a priority task for researchers and clinicians worldwide. Anti-aging properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and cardioprotective activities have been reported for various phytobioactive compounds (PBCs) including resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, catechin, etc. However, the therapeutic potential of orally administered PBCs is limited by their poor stability, bioavailability, and solubility in the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, innovative nanotechnology-based approaches have been developed to improve the bioactivity of PBCs and enhance their potential in preventing and/or treating age-associated disorders, primarily those caused by aging-related chronic inflammation. PBC-loaded nanoparticles designed for oral administration provide many benefits over conventional formulations, including enhanced stability and solubility, prolonged half-life, improved epithelium permeability and bioavailability, enhanced tissue targeting, and minimized side effects. The present review summarizes recent advances in this rapidly developing research area.
Topics: Biological Availability; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Solubility
PubMed: 31686375
DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00116-9 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Oct 2021Oral administration is an appealing route of delivering cancer treatments. However, the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by specific and efficient physical,... (Review)
Review
Oral administration is an appealing route of delivering cancer treatments. However, the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by specific and efficient physical, chemical, and biological barriers that decrease the bioavailability of medications, including chemotherapeutics. In recent decades, the fields of material science and nanomedicine have generated several delivery platforms with high potential for overcoming multiple barriers associated to oral administration. This review describes the properties of several nanodelivery systems that improve the bioavailability of orally administered therapeutics, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages in generating successful anticancer oral nanomedicines.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Biological Availability; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Nanomedicine; Neoplasms; Pharmaceutical Preparations
PubMed: 34717658
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01100-2 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2022In recent years, there has been considerable interest in icariin (ICA) and its derivates, icariside II (ICS) and icaritin (ICT), due to their wide range of potential... (Review)
Review
In recent years, there has been considerable interest in icariin (ICA) and its derivates, icariside II (ICS) and icaritin (ICT), due to their wide range of potential applications in preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, delaying the effects of Alzheimer's disease, treating erectile dysfunction, etc. However, their poor water solubility and membrane permeability, resulting in low bioavailability, dampens their potential beneficial effects. In this regard, several strategies have been developed, such as pharmaceutical technologies, structural transformations, and absorption enhancers. All these strategies manage to improve the bioavailability of the above-mentioned flavonoids, thus increasing their concentration in the desired places. This paper focuses on gathering the latest knowledge on strategies to improve bioavailability for enhancing the efficacy of icariin, icariside II, and icaritin. We conclude that there is an opportunity for many further improvements in this field. To the best of our knowledge, no such review articles scoping the bioavailability improvement of icariin and its derivates have been published to date. Therefore, this paper can be a good starting point for all those who want to deepen their understanding of the field.
Topics: Biological Availability; Flavonoids; Humans; Male
PubMed: 35886867
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147519